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1 σκυλ'
σκῦλαι, σκύλλωtorn: aor imperat mid 2nd sgσκῦλαι, σκύλλωtorn: aor inf actσκῦλα, σκύλλωtorn: aor ind act 1st sg (homeric ionic)σκῦλε, σκύλλωtorn: aor ind act 3rd sg (homeric ionic)σκῦλα, σκῦλονarms stripped off a slain enemy: neut nom /voc /acc pl -
2 σκῦλ'
σκῦλαι, σκύλλωtorn: aor imperat mid 2nd sgσκῦλαι, σκύλλωtorn: aor inf actσκῦλα, σκύλλωtorn: aor ind act 1st sg (homeric ionic)σκῦλε, σκύλλωtorn: aor ind act 3rd sg (homeric ionic)σκῦλα, σκῦλονarms stripped off a slain enemy: neut nom /voc /acc pl -
3 σκύλλον
σκύλλωtorn: pres part act masc voc sgσκύλλωtorn: pres part act neut nom /voc /acc sgσκύλλωtorn: imperf ind act 3rd pl (homeric ionic)σκύλλωtorn: imperf ind act 1st sg (homeric ionic) -
4 ῥήγνυμι
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `to tear (up), to break (to pieces), to burst' (Il.).Other forms: Fut. ῥήξω, aor. ῥῆξαι (all Il.), perf. midd. ἔρρηγ-μαι (θ 137), act. (intr.) ἔρρωγα (Archil., Hp., trag.), ptc. ἐρρηγεῖα (Tab. Heracl.), trans. ἔρρηχα (hell.), aor. pass. ῥαγῆναι (Il.) w. fut. ῥαγήσομαι (A. a.o.), ῥηχθῆναι (late); new pres. ῥήσσω, ῥήττω (Hp., hell.; to ῥῆξαι, ῥήξω).Compounds: Often w. prefix, e.g. ἀπο-, δια-, ἐκ-, κατα-, περι-. As 1. member in verbal governing compp. ῥηξ(ι)-, e.g. ῥηξ-ήνωρ adjunct. of Achilles, `breaking the (rows of) men' (Hom.) with - ηνορίη (ξ 217); cf. Sommer Nominalkomp. 180; diff. Muller Mnem. 46, 135ff.: to Lat. regō (by Kretschmer Glotta 11,249 rightly doubted); Jernstedt (s. Idg. Jb. 14, 151): to ῥήσσω `to throw (down)'; cf. the lit. on ἀνήρ.Derivatives: A. With full grade: 1. ῥῆγμα ( ἔκ-, σύν-) n. `tore, cleft, breach' (IA.) with ῥηγματίης, - τώδης (Hp.); 2. ῥηγμός `id.' (pap. IIIa); 3. ῥηγμίν (- μίς), - μῖνος f. `breaking down of a cart, breaking of the sea' (ep. Il.); ῑν-deriv.; cf. Chantraine Form. 168, Schwyzer 465; after Pisani Ist. Lomb. 73: 2, 40 influenced by θῑν ( θίς); 4. ῥῆξις ( κατά-, περί- etc.), Aeol. Ϝρῆξις f. `breaking through, breach' (Alc., Hp., E., Arist.) with ῥηκτικός ( κατα-) `fragile, brittle' (Hp., Aët.); 5. ῥήκτης m. "the disruptor", des. of a certain form of earthquake (Arist., Lyd.); 6. Ϝρηγαλέον (cod. τρ-) διερρωγότα H.; cf. below B 4 and Leumann Hom. Wörter 273; 7. αὔρηκτος = ἄ-Ϝρηκτος `unbroken' (Hdn. Gr.). -- B. With ω-ablaut: 1. ῥώξ f. only ῥῶγας acc.pl. (χ 143) `tore' = `narrow passage' (cf.Wace JHSt. 71, 203ff., Bérard REGr. 67, 23ff.), further in prefixcompp., e.g. ἀπορρώξ `torn off', f. `torn off piece, outflow' (ep. poet. Il.); 2. διαρρωγή f. `gap, interspace' (Hp.); ῥωγαί ῥήξεις H.; 3. ῥωγάς, - άδος `torn up, cleft' (hell. poetry.); 4. ῥωγαλέος `torn up, full of holes' (Hom.); 5. ῥωγμή f. `breach, tore' (Hp., Arist.) with ῥωγματίης (Hp. ap. Gal.; cf. A 1); ῥωχμός m. `tore, cleft, gap' (Ψ 420, hell. ; \< - σμο-, Schwyzer 493), - μαί pl. `id.' (Marc. Sid.). -- C. With zero grade: 1. ῥαγή ( δια-), ῥαγάς, ῥάγδην, ῥαγδαῖος s. ῥαγή; 2. ῥάγος n. `rag, shred' (pap. IIp), ῥαγόεις (Nic.) after ῥάκος (s.v.), - όεις; 3. περιρραγ-ής `broken around' (AP; from περι-ρραγῆναι).Origin: IE [Indo-European] [1182] *wreh₁ǵ- `break'Etymology: With ῥήγνυμι \< *Ϝρήγνυμι (cf. Ϝρῆξις, Ϝρηγαλέος) agrees semant. exactly primary Arm. ergic-anem, aor. ergic-i with the usu. caus. ergic-uc̣anem `tear apart, break'. Also phonetically they agree well except the stemvowel, as Arm. ergic-anem prop. requires an IE diphthong (u̯reiǵ-) against Gr. ῥηγ- \< u̯rēg-. If the regular phonetic development was not disturbed by one or other derailment, what would hardly suprise with a verb of this meaning, the verbs must be seprated; cf. Frisk Etyma Armen. 29 (with another hypothesis on ergicanem). Phonetically doubtful but semant. less convincing is the comparison (since Meillet MSL 9, 142) with a Balto-Slav. verb for `beat etc.' in Lith. rė́žti `cut, incise, beat', OCS rězati ' κόπτειν', Russ. rézatь `cut, slaughter' usw., to which also a.o. Russ. razítь `beat'; cf. on ῥάσσω w. lit.; older lit. in Bq and WP. 1, 319 a. 2, 344. The forms with ῥαγ- must be secondary (as *u̯r̥h₁ǵ- would give Ϝρηγ-).Page in Frisk: 2,652-653Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ῥήγνυμι
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5 αμφιδρυφή
ἀμφιδρυφήςtorn on both sides: neut nom /voc /acc pl (attic epic doric)ἀμφιδρυφήςtorn on both sides: masc /fem /neut nom /voc /acc dual (doric aeolic)ἀμφιδρυφήςtorn on both sides: masc /fem acc sg (attic epic doric) -
6 ἀμφιδρυφῆ
ἀμφιδρυφήςtorn on both sides: neut nom /voc /acc pl (attic epic doric)ἀμφιδρυφήςtorn on both sides: masc /fem /neut nom /voc /acc dual (doric aeolic)ἀμφιδρυφήςtorn on both sides: masc /fem acc sg (attic epic doric) -
7 αστασιαστότερον
ἀστασίαστοςnot torn by faction: adverbial compἀστασίαστοςnot torn by faction: masc acc comp sgἀστασίαστοςnot torn by faction: neut nom /voc /acc comp sg -
8 ἀστασιαστότερον
ἀστασίαστοςnot torn by faction: adverbial compἀστασίαστοςnot torn by faction: masc acc comp sgἀστασίαστοςnot torn by faction: neut nom /voc /acc comp sg -
9 διασπαρακτά
διασπαρακτόςtorn to pieces: neut nom /voc /acc plδιασπαρακτά̱, διασπαρακτόςtorn to pieces: fem nom /voc /acc dualδιασπαρακτά̱, διασπαρακτόςtorn to pieces: fem nom /voc sg (doric aeolic) -
10 εσκυλμένα
σκύλλωtorn: perf part mp neut nom /voc /acc plἐσκυλμένᾱ, σκύλλωtorn: perf part mp fem nom /voc /acc dualἐσκυλμένᾱ, σκύλλωtorn: perf part mp fem nom /voc sg (doric aeolic) -
11 ἐσκυλμένα
σκύλλωtorn: perf part mp neut nom /voc /acc plἐσκυλμένᾱ, σκύλλωtorn: perf part mp fem nom /voc /acc dualἐσκυλμένᾱ, σκύλλωtorn: perf part mp fem nom /voc sg (doric aeolic) -
12 λακίσματ'
λακίσματα, λάκισμαthat which is torn: neut nom /voc /acc plλακίσματι, λάκισμαthat which is torn: neut dat sgλακίσματε, λάκισμαthat which is torn: neut nom /voc /acc dual -
13 σκύλλεσθε
σκύλλωtorn: pres imperat mp 2nd plσκύλλωtorn: pres ind mp 2nd plσκύλλωtorn: imperf ind mp 2nd pl (homeric ionic) -
14 σκύλλετε
σκύλλωtorn: pres imperat act 2nd plσκύλλωtorn: pres ind act 2nd plσκύλλωtorn: imperf ind act 2nd pl (homeric ionic) -
15 σκύλλη
σκύλλωtorn: pres subj mp 2nd sgσκύλλωtorn: pres ind mp 2nd sgσκύλλωtorn: pres subj act 3rd sg -
16 σκύλλῃ
σκύλλωtorn: pres subj mp 2nd sgσκύλλωtorn: pres ind mp 2nd sgσκύλλωtorn: pres subj act 3rd sg -
17 σκύλληι
σκύλλῃ, σκύλλωtorn: pres subj mp 2nd sgσκύλλῃ, σκύλλωtorn: pres ind mp 2nd sgσκύλλῃ, σκύλλωtorn: pres subj act 3rd sg -
18 σπαράγματ'
σπαράγματα, σπάραγμαpiece torn off: neut nom /voc /acc plσπαράγματι, σπάραγμαpiece torn off: neut dat sgσπαράγματε, σπάραγμαpiece torn off: neut nom /voc /acc dual -
19 σπαράσσω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `to rip, to tear, to shred, to attack' (IA.).Derivatives: σπάρ-αγμα n. `torn, ripped piece, scrap' (Trag., Arist. a. o.), - αγμός m. `ripping, tearing, convulsion' (trag. a. o.) with - αγμώδης `convulsive' (Hp., Plu.), - αξις f. `convulsion' (medic.), - ακτόν n. `crumbled rock, rubble' (Hero), διασπαρακτός `torn' (E., Ael.).Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Expressive formation in - άσσω like ταράσσω, τινάσσω, πατάσσω a. o.; without certain etymology. If - άσσω is only enlarging (Schwyzer 733), the word could be connected with σπαίρω etc. Persson Beitr. 2, 869 n. 1, who considers the velar as part of the root (- σσω analogical for - ζω Debrunner IF 21, 224), wants to connect σπαράσσω with a motley group, to which would belong a. o. Lat. spargō, OWNo. spark n. `kick', σπαργάω, σφαραγέομαι. Diff. id. Beitr. 1, 418 (= WP. 2, 668, Pok. 992): to Arm. p'ert` `torn off piece' (-rt` \< - rkt-), OWNo. spiǫrr f. `strip of cloth' (PGm. * sperrō). Still diff. Thierfelder by letter (as hypothesis): to σπάω after ταράσσω, ἀράσσω, χαράσσω a. o.Page in Frisk: 2,757Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > σπαράσσω
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20 σπάω
σπάω, σπάομαιGrammatical information: v.Meaning: `to draw', e.g. a sword, `to pull out, to tug, to wince, to attract, to snatch, to pull off, to sprain, to drag or to lure somewhere, to pull in, to suck in, to slurp down' (S., Ar. a. o.)Other forms: Aor. σπάσαι, σπάσ(σ)ασθαι, pass. σπασθῆναι (Il.), fut. σπάσω, - ομαι, perf. midd. ἔσπασμαι (IA.), act. ἔσπακα (Ar., Arist. a. o.).Compounds: Very often w. prefix in different shades of meaning, e.g. ἀνα-, ἀπο-, δια-, ἐπι-, κατα-, περι-.Derivatives: A. From the unenlarged root: 1. σπάσις, mostly to the prefixed verbs, e.g. ἀνάσπα-σις (: ἀνα-σπάσαι, - σπᾶν) `pulling in' etc. (Hp., Arist. etc.). 2. σπασμός ( ἐπισπασμός etc.) m. `wincing, spasm, violent movement' (IA.) with σπασμ-ώδης, κατα-σπασμ-ικός. 3. σπάσμα ( ἀπόσπασμα etc.) n. `spasm, sprain, shred, scrap' (IA); on σπάσις, - σμός, - σμα Chantraine Form. 145 a. 147. -- 4. - σπαστος in ἐπίσπασ-τος `brought upon oneself, incurred' (Od. etc.) a.o.; σπαστικός ( κατα-, περι-) `pulling in, slurping in' (Arist.). -- 5. - σπα-στήρ, - ῆρος m. in ἐπισπαστήρ (Hdt., AP; - σπατήρ inscr.), ποτισπαστήρ (Epid. IV--IIIa) "attractor", `thong which draws the door, bird string, net'; ἐπίσπαστρον n. `id.' (LXX, D.S. a. o.). --B. With δ-enlargement: 1. παρα-σπάς, - άδος f. `shoot torn off and planted' (Thphr.), ἀπο- σπάω `twig torn off' (AP, Nonn.). 2. σπάδῑξ, -ῑκος m. `(torn off) twig, espec. palm twig' (Nic., Plu. etc.); Lat. LW [loanword] spădīx `date-coloured' (s. W.-Hofmann s.v.). 2. σπάδιον n. `race-track' (Argos, H; "the lenghty one"; cf. στάδιον). 3. σπαδών, - όνος f. `spasm, convulsion' (Hp., Nic.) with - ονίζω, - ονισμός. 4. σπάδων, - ωνος m. `eunuch' (LXX, Plb. a.o.), also σπάδος (Eust.; vgl. E. Maass RhM 74, 432ff.). -- C. With τ-enlargement: σπάτος n. `(removed) skin' (H., sch. Ar. Pax 48 [Boeot.]) with σπάτειος in σπατείων δερματίνων H., as 1. member in Σ\<πα\> το-ληασταί m. pl. guild of fullers in Argos (Rom. time; Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 176). -- D. Derived verbs: σπάζει σκυζᾳ̃. Άχαιοί H.; σπαδίξας aor. ptc. of σπαδίζω `to remove' (Hdt. 5, 25); σπατίζει τῶν \<σ\> πατέων ἕλκει, τῶν δερμάτων, τῶν τιτθῶν H. -- On σπάθη s. v.Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: The regular inflectional system of σπάω may have developed from the aorist σπάσαι. From there first σπασθῆναι, ἔσπασμαι, σπάσω, further σπάω, lastly ἔσπακα (cf. on κλάω). The σ-forms σπασθῆναι etc. are prob. analogical beside σπα-δ-, σπα-τ- (diff. Schwyzer 761; doubting 706). -- No immediate agreement outside Greek. Semantically very tempting is the comparison with Toch. B pāss- `draw off (the skin)' in the preterital forms passāre-ne (3. pl. act.), passāmai (1. sg. midd.), s. v. Windekens Orbis 11, 343; 12, 191, though the absence of the "movable" s- must raise doubts (- ss- moreover from - sw- acc. to v. W.). An old verbal noun seems preserved in the Lat. relict-word spatium `space etc.' (: σπάδιον with alternative dental, Schwyzer 498 n. 13 w. lit.). -- The other under spē(i)- grouped words `draw, stretch etc.' in WP. 2, 655ff. (similar Pok. 981 ff.) after Persson Beitr. 1, 386--415, a. o. OHG spanan `allure, entice' (prop. *"allure"), spāti `late', are because of the extensible meaning, the short size of the words and the variating phonetics not well usable for an exact, detailed etymological demonstration and do not help to undertsand σπάω. -- Cf. σπίδιος and σφαδάζω; also cf. σπατάλη and σπατίλη.Page in Frisk: 2,759-761Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > σπάω
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